Kinematics
Kinematics is the physics behind motion. However, it doesn’t deal with WHY SOMETHING MOVES. It can tell you where something will be, and how the thing moves.
Dynamics
Dynamics is the study of the WHY objects move. Concepts like force, inertia, and frames of reference are introduced. This is the backbone of all of physics.
Energy
Energy is one of, if not the most, fundamental concepts of physics. It governs EVERYTHING, from the smallest particle to the biggest planet. Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, and this rule has shaped our universe as we know it.
Momentum
Momentum is the physics governing collisions and much more. It is used in a general form of NEWTON’S SECOND LAW, and it is critical to understanding forces.